William m



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. -W. M. WOOD 81; W. L. BAILIE.

, GOMPRESSING ENGINE 0R PUMP.

No. 27 8,068. Patented May-22,1883.

N. PETERS. Fholwl ihegnpbcr. wash-" m. l1v C.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. M. WOOD & W. L. BAILIE.

GOMPRESSING ENGINE 0R PUMP.

No. 278,068. Patented May 22,1883.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEO WILLIAM M. WOOD AND WILLIAM LI BAILIE, OFTHE UNITED STATES NAVY.

COMPRESSING ENGlNE OR PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 278,068, dated May 22,1883,

Application filed March 9, 1883. (No model.)

' To all whom it may concern:

the same.

()nr invention relates to improvements in compressing engines or pumps,more especially those adapted for refrigeratirig-machines, althoughuseful for other purposes.

The'object of the invention is an improvement in pumps employed inforcing by me- 1 chines intended for the manufacture of ice,.

chanical means acirculation of volatile refrigerants, especiallyammoniacal gas, into umand for other refrigerating or cooling purposes,and thereby aiding in subsequent liquefaction of said gases; and ourapparatus is so constructed as to avoid the defects and inconveniencesnow foundobjectionable in suchpumps. Among some of these defectswhich wewishto overcome may be named the liability of leakage of gas, theintroduction of air andwater into the pump, the inability of the pump toforce out all the gas at every stroke of the pistons, andliability ofthe pump to heat in use, all of which arise from a faulty constructionand arrangement of the pump, its valves and valve-seats, and itspacking.

. Our invention consists, mainly, in the construction and arrangement ofthe valves and seats; in the peculiar construction of the pistons andthe operating devices, and in inclosing them in a perfectlyair-tightmanner; in the means employed to relieve the pump of anycondensed or liquefied gases, and in certain details of construction, aswill be more fully described hereinafter, and specifically pointed outin the claims, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings and theletters of reference marked thereon.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectionof our improved pump. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on or :r. Fig.4 is a horizontal section on line a 2.

Like letters denote corresponding parts in each figure.

in the drawings, A represents the main casting, containing thepump-cylinders O U; and it is cast-in two parts,A and A, and is closedby a cover or bonnet, B, and these are provided with flanges a I),between which suitable packing isplaced to form perfectly-tight joints.

line 3 3 Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line Atthe upperend ofthecylindersare arranged the valve-seats 0 0, which are annular andinclined outwardly, and the outlet-valvesD D are made to conform and litperfectly to the said seats, so that in the ascent of the pistons anyliquefied or condensed gases will flow down over the seats and towardthe central vertical outlet, e, which is formed in the center of thedished part, c, of the upper part, A, so that .theliquefied gases willall pass toward the saidcenter. An opening, 0, extending sidewise fromthe opening connects with a suitable-pipe to the condenser. The valves Dare guided at their upper sides by stems d,which titinto a recess orhole in the bonnet B. The pistons E are properly packed with a series ofrings, and in the upper end thereof are arranged the inlet-valves G,which are guided to their seats by suitable stems, f, and guides g. Thelower part, E, of the pistons is made flat or oblong, and, extendingdownward,is connected to the ends of a vibrating lever, H, which is securedto the central shaft, I. The lever H vibrates in an air-tight space, A,formed in the'lower part, A. The lower ends of the pistons are providedwith an oblong slot, h, in

which a roller, 2', on the pin it, secured to the lever H, can freelyslide, so as to allow 'for the vibration of the lever, and also toprevent excessive wear. The end of the shaft I extends through the sideof the lower part, A, and,

passing through a stuffing-box, K, is by it.

made perfectly tight. At each side of the part Ais arranged a hole,a,which is covered by a bonnet, a, to afford access to the pins k,connecting the lever and pistons together for adjustment. On theextended end of the shaft is secured an upright lever, L, which isattached by a-suit-able connecting-rod or pitman to the engine or othermotive power.

The inlet-opening M is arranged in the cen- Having thus described ourinvention, what tral part of the space A and connects with thecongealer.

The operation is as follows: The alternate upward stroke of the pistonsE creates a vacuum behind them, which draws in the gas through theinlet-pipe M, connecting with the congealer, (not shown,) and on thealternate descent of the pistons the inlet-valves G are opened and allowthe gas to pass up above them. Thepistons,in ascending, force the gasupward and open the outlet-valves D as they come in contact with them,and, passing out with any condensed gas, it runs over the inclinedvalve-seat 0, down the dished part c, and through the outlet-openings eand 0 into the pipe leading to the condenser, (not shown,) which may bea coil of pipe immersed in running water, or any other kind suitable forthe purpose, and there the absorbed heat is made sensible. By the actionof the pistons on the gas it is carried off, and under the forcedpressure of the pump and in contact with the cooling-surface of thecondenser the gas is liquefied. It is then carried to the receiver, (notshown,) and from thence itis conducted to the congealer, where the'maineffect'of refrigeration through evaporization is to be produced.

\Vhen the receiver is not in use the anhydrous ammonia can be allowed toescape into a receiver provided with a coil in connection with asteam-boiler, and which is filled with water, converting the anhydrousinto the aqua ammonia.

The advantages of our pump will be appar-.

cut to those skilled in the art, and some' of them are: Great economy inspace. There is no possible chance for leakage, as there are no jointswhich cannot be thoroughly packed. The parts are not liable to get outof order, as they are very simplein construction. There is no possiblechance of any condensed or liquefied gas running back, as the pistonsraise the outlet-valves and permit the said gas to pass over the edgeand down the sides of the valveseats. All the internal parts are easilyaccessible in case of needed repairs or replacement of any parts. Thereis comparatively littleloss by friction, and consequently no loss ofpower. All the parts are incased in a perfectly-tight casing, and themost exposed part, where the driving-shaft enters the pump, is subjectedto the low exhausted pressure of the gas, which can easily be made tightby an ordinary stnifing-box, as described.

we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patcut, is-- 1. In a pump, theannular valve-seats 0,having outwardly-inclined faces, combined with theautomatic valves D,having faces conformingthereto, and the pistonswhereby the valves are operated, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

2. In a pump, the annular inclined valveseats 0 andantomatically-operating valves, in combination with dished part 6,provided with openings 0 and 0, arranged substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

3. The combination of the lower part, A, forming a space, A, in whichthe vibrating lever H operates, with the upper part, A, containing thepump-cylinders, and the bonnet B, all arranged substantially as shownand described.

4. In combination, the automatic outletvalves D and the pistons E,provided with inlet-valves G, and said pistons having extension E,provided with slots h, in which the pins k, having friction-rollers i,are arranged for operating the vibrating lever H, all as shown andspecified.

5. The combination of the pistons E, provided withinlet-valves G, withthe automatic outlet-valves D, provided with annular inclined faces andtheannnlar inclined seats 0, all arranged for operation substantially asspecified.

6. In a pump, the lower casting, A, formed with the space A, andprovided with handholes a and bonnets a for gaining access to saidspace, substantially asset forth.

7. The pump-casing A, made in two parts and containing thepump-cylinders, the bonnet B, the pistons E, provided withinlet-valvesG,

the automatic valves D, having annular inclined faces fitting on theseats 0, and the vibrating lever H, connected to said pistons andsecured to the shaft I, in combination with the operating-lever L, allconstructed substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

WILLIAM M. WOOD. \VILLTAM L. BAILIE.

Witnesses:

J. M. YZNAGA, W. B. HALE.

